day6 part 1

day6/README.md

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+# Day 6: Tuning Trouble
+
+The preparations are finally complete; you and the Elves leave camp on foot and begin to make your way toward the star
+fruit grove.
+
+As you move through the dense undergrowth, one of the Elves gives you a **handheld** device. He says that it has many
+fancy features, but the most important one to set up right now is the communication system.
+
+However, because he's heard you have _significant experience dealing with signal-based systems_, he convinced the other
+Elves that it would be okay to give you their one malfunctioning device - surely you'll have no problem fixing it.
+
+As if inspired by comedic timing, the device emits a few colorful sparks.
+
+To be able to communicate with the Elves, the device needs to **lock on to their signal**. The signal is a series of
+seemingly-random characters that the device receives one at a time.
+
+To fix the communication system, you need to add a subroutine to the device that detects a **start-of-packet marker** in
+the datastream. In the protocol being used by the Elves, the start of a packet is indicated by a sequence of **four
+characters that are all different**.
+
+The device will send your subroutine a datastream buffer (your puzzle input); your subroutine needs to identify the
+first position where the four most recently received characters were all different. Specifically, it needs to report the
+number of characters from the beginning of the buffer to the end of the first such four-character marker.
+
+For example, suppose you receive the following datastream buffer:
+
+`mjqjpqmgbljsphdztnvjfqwrcgsmlb`
+
+After the first three characters (`mjq`) have been received, there haven't been enough characters received yet to find
+the marker. The first time a marker could occur is after the fourth character is received, making the most recent four
+characters `mjqj`. Because `j` is repeated, this isn't a marker.
+
+The first time a marker appears is after the **seventh** character arrives. Once it does, the last four characters
+received are `jpqm`, which are all different. In this case, your subroutine should report the value **7**, because the
+first start-of-packet marker is complete after 7 characters have been processed.
+
+Here are a few more examples:
+
+- `bvwbjplbgvbhsrlpgdmjqwftvncz`: first marker after character **5**
+- `nppdvjthqldpwncqszvftbrmjlhg`: first marker after character **6**
+- `nznrnfrfntjfmvfwmzdfjlvtqnbhcprsg`: first marker after character **10**
+- `zcfzfwzzqfrljwzlrfnpqdbhtmscgvjw`: first marker after character **11**
+
+How many characters need to be processed before the first start-of-packet marker is detected?

day6/input.txt

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+tnmmpfmfzmmnsmsjmjjbvvhnhzzfmmgpmgpgbgnnwffjhffzqqmzzbnbssrqqrnnhsnngsszsqzszhzfhzfzwzfzrrmhmghgwhhjjqwqttwhttjllrtrtzzcfzfgzznfznfzfnnbddvmvzmmfsmfsmfffhlfldlqqrnrznnhmmgqqzhhmjhmhppqbpbbngnlldvvdqvvrtrdrtrnttnppfllrbbrprpnpdplpmllhwwddqpdprddzzfccqpcqpcpcbbdhdjdjwjcwcctdcttzgzmmscmsmdmttwhwzhhnjhnhlhvhlvlglpgpmmjmgmrgrddmwddjfftfwflfslffqtfqttpftppflfmmhvhvcvbvhbhggpbgbppvdpvpvfppbwwsnnhphllbdbnbvbmvvzffvsffdldmlmtmccnlnbnjbnjnhhbfhhgzzlwlfflzffdccggdcgcjjhffjfgfgcczjccvwcvvqgvvqvllqzqmqllhjjqnqggttsdddjgdjgjzzrgrfrbrssrgrgdgrgbbssmdsdfddsndnsdnsdnnmqqsspqqmrqqpmmsjmmszzqvqrvrzznnjdndtntfnttgtctqtwwnwswrrthrttsdttlhlvvdzzgqgttnppjpljplpgpvgvqqvppzmmqggtjgtgstslltjltjjgcjcmjmsshvvtppgmmlslqqshqshsllbggfpgffdsdgssncchctcwwtllgqlqblqlqvvmsvmmwnnzppqllsttgmttftvfvjjrzzswzzjvzjzljjchcshcscbbrdbrbcrrnvvtctntvtvbvjvqjqggsrspsprrbgghdghhmwwldldzdttrvrnrfftqtftrrdsszlzvvbtbffftzzrzqrrhjhghhwbhhsjsfsttdjdjnjhjmjpmplplrrdjdcdjdbjblllbqlqdlqlpqptppdhhqmqfqhqhchwwqjqfjqfqhqshsmswsbbvssdspdpsdssstntltrrgnnmttgmmsjjrlrnlrnrnwrwfwlfltlzllcjcmjcjpjhphcpcwppmvmjjzbzvbbfnfcflfddntddbmmmhnnsrnrrvdvnvcvwvcwvwrrqwqccqmmswmmjrjmmwjmjfjhwrtbjzdvlgrjmvzfmhcqsncvlhzzncjlbvcwrdwjmqjcnptqslvfzpsvltgzsvjdsjrppdrmqrbqwhddfhnftfblspsrhtdtjwdnhbcbtlwlvccsfscvczzrrqmwbwbdmwgzqntvflppqvppwrhnvtlsbzqglhsfdgssqzdtjdpwrrhbnbtwhhnmnlwfwlqffjjrndbpwwsvdrhddbjnnqzmtpvvtwbcpndjzlhcfrrdvmljswjzvmfqcdsgqwclqshwrmblszdvsnrpdgnllmlchzdjlrrpndmmgddjqgjqrhwfbwddqdfbvptrmzhtsqfsfswpnvmtswqprjhbzvntgrlzthhnqbtpplqpvcfnpgdtbhqbhflltbbtmmhcwztslmpznttmssclhmnbsbrwlblrbsdfmnpqbwwmsncvzmpqwhzjgcgdrzvglgdtswmstdhrprdjfmqtjlmplbjtzcgnrwpdvpfjjfwjfnnpmdtwtqsgfndngsbmcwjtglqwtfrclbczfcmjtgcwszhzrbcphrhwmhcwghjznzthnwpljjltdlvqtffsrbmwcsvrdmqqggbznnlzbbqtgspqvnjpbdhtzmgttrcwwszwpgdrcnfqtgrgqdrctlzwtdwqppbhnwgldnqltznnfpbfqtgmmwpcqnndbgmrrtgtvnmlfcwsldchjnnqfrhpzwtclrzftsqllgvpqbgmfjdhqjttwcvbpvfqsvhbhhtwnqnbgndbtzhcvgglbhghbzrbrmdllmgfgttqmhtdnwrpwllhnghrjctrbzrcpnjnctvmrlpjhftnfbczrjrnnbqplplcrbngbhvmmvcffmgvbhjzbhcmtwmwgmjmwjvvlqfldswpntjnsjvmdlbzqqlgbwspwvmnwtwjbczmwplrhmjgsppnmtwmvsfwnsgddgwqcvpftcpzrhpldnwmcjgtjmljjbcmjcqdbwczndnjnjgrmtjrqnnjndzqdqpcgdqptdbrqftnwrgqmrzrvsfmmmbpltlncvtgrjfjmvtgwqphczwjhdrdwtfvgztbhrndvpcbgfjfvmrrljwrvcrtdmtjndfnwgcnfrzgsnjpztbwwsbvqfnpjctgrhsflhnzbbsfqbnmtnvrmjzsbjfndvttpvpfjhqntflgbfnzcclcwmhbsgqfjdcgsvrhtstspfzgvgglgddqmclsmzgzgtncdsfmwdvtcsgwvbzjvclwppqdjgfcrcbzcwbdhrnssjbmnmfmwthdrnmlfhqlddwqrdhsdvdcsmcgjsgcmpnhlbnqftpdjswtmpbznlcrhtswgnmwjcdfmljdngzfsmlzjjnzmfzshmztdbdmcqwmlvcrzgpmbjqcghclwvdbrhgvwqchnndftnrtptmctdlhmfjvpzrpccddfpcdwmzqfhnsqzrvwblzfhcjdcjfctczwqrcbjnrpdcbbnsgnlvqqmnsfgsqschjlbzhhsrbvdbfrhvsgrlzwncgwpdbvmblgzbwbcbgqfwmdmgcrbbjfcvmqgztqpptdhwmvmsdqwplpgcjzgqzdrftzhqbltvhrmlrfffcgfpqzwrrbbtlsjgmtbjvtnmhwdpjptjwfwgjgvbfqwmflrrqzlzdcmtlnptdrpcpdnswcfscnndnrfbgwvvncdjgsdpbwptdtvrqlmrhmvvcwblhhzbjdpsbszhrftfbcgwhwrgglnjzqdhcqnvlhgqjhnddvrslhntssptsbhmqwwqqnbvfmcbgpvgjbrttnvlljdbtfplgmbwtcbcdtqdpqqdvhbmpmtszwpzblcfrtznhhtcljtdlhjdbnlhvwgjsmgvrslrfwnmzwlstpgltvrgnpdqztvfnvdhdtwwqdfsmtpbpdclsbnwcgjzchjcsjmvhbjshmjjlpgdzcgbmmchwmcsddsvhsnpqtcpnhqnbvwgwqhtjbqncgwwftnrzsbsjtvqmjzqvvncmncwflcfpcjqgdtbsmjzzsdjfvhnqbgjhmfgjghwscthbfmbndltbqzwpqtmrswvprpmgwqnqpfnmffrpdlpfqmhrthppzvzwbrtjvwvjndsqdlqtbpqwfcttggnjmcqqnmjwfhfjgcvlnmtlgbdvmctzlwbfgnflwtsflgnfbnfbhhdgjctzvvmrhdsmvmmtnqwtszmqcpsbrqrgjfrzctcbzmtdlhwjtfdqbtthdnqcrpwrhcrvjstbhpltvgmvpmvfjstgzjsgzprzcqzqztvvdcnrrqwrhddcrhhncdrlwzwqlnbbzcfmqtnwgfdscmrbwnbldlfrqchzdnlnmwncgrzdclnvcvplgwjsbzmbnnsdrsfhrlssvncnwmcrjdjbjpdtrrvlnbjvspfqbwdpcnnpjzfnmbhcdhlmdgbpvbzmfltzstnznfctcdzhbfsvnfbsjqzmwfllhtrsfghlrpjgrgzgchlwrdmqzbrncsvnwhfqmwjbnvjctzphcsftqsbmwntgvjqhhvwndvmfmjhhhmfdvrlhpvzmmhrbhbddqbdmgqqsvddsswmzqcjmvhztfqpchzpwhdshzjlmbmnsgzqhbnmrshwvtmgmgndtddpfwsjrrjdhncdhtlczdvlbvqplttnzrblthlcffdtfsdtpwzdgbldvnsttvpzmbgnqddrszftcpwrgmfzhjjvghpntmzcttcsnrjnfpqzqqqljhzlrpgwngllqjwnwfcsphqplgbzmfqfgbfsqpsrntszqbcqnhctsnbfshmlbwfflrwwsjwqwfqlgnftdwmctmclwjhjhbsspqldlshbmpbgrftpnbpsqldhrrbdqwfwvfhclrlfdjfmzgmptdjdcsplcspznfjrfhtsjndwpslrdgnllllwqjgznrhswfssdlvdpmwwgmstqbhfmdhtzvzzvhwzbrrvvsl

day6/main.py

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+from common.file import read_data
+
+test_cases = [
+    {"input": "mjqjpqmgbljsphdztnvjfqwrcgsmlb", "expect": 7},
+    {"input": "bvwbjplbgvbhsrlpgdmjqwftvncz", "expect": 5},
+    {"input": "nppdvjthqldpwncqszvftbrmjlhg", "expect": 6},
+    {"input": "nznrnfrfntjfmvfwmzdfjlvtqnbhcprsg", "expect": 10},
+    {"input": "zcfzfwzzqfrljwzlrfnpqdbhtmscgvjw", "expect": 11},
+]
+
+
+def end_of_start_marker_1(data: str) -> int:
+    # use 2 counters
+    i = 0
+    j = 4
+    while j < len(data):
+        # read data by window of 4 characters
+        packet = data[i:j]
+        # check if all are different
+        if len(set(packet)) == len(packet):
+            # if yes return end counter
+            return j
+
+        i += 1
+        j += 1
+
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    for test in test_cases:
+        res = end_of_start_marker_1(test["input"])
+        assert res == test["expect"], f"{res} is not the right value, want {test['expect']}"
+
+    dataset = read_data()
+    print(end_of_start_marker_1(dataset[0]))