from __future__ import annotations

from typing import Iterator, Iterable, List, Any


class WordCollection(Iterable):
    """
    Concrete Collections provide one or several methods for retrieving fresh
    iterator instances, compatible with the collection class.
    """

    def __init__(self, collection: List[Any] = []) -> None:
        self._collection = collection

    def __iter__(self) -> AlphabeticalOrderIterator:
        """
        The __iter__() method returns the iterator object itself, by default we
        return the iterator in ascending order.
        """
        return AlphabeticalOrderIterator(self._collection)

    def get_reverse_iterator(self) -> AlphabeticalOrderIterator:
        return AlphabeticalOrderIterator(self._collection, reverse=True)

    def add_item(self, item: Any) -> None:
        self._collection.append(item)


class AlphabeticalOrderIterator(Iterator):
    """
    Concrete Iterators implement various traversal algorithms. These classes
    store the current traversal position at all times.
    """

    """
    `_position` attribute stores the current traversal position. An iterator may
    have a lot of other fields for storing iteration state, especially when it
    is supposed to work with a particular kind of collection.
    """
    _position: int = None

    """
    This attribute indicates the traversal direction.
    """
    _reverse: bool = False

    def __init__(self, collection: WordCollection, reverse: bool = False) -> None:
        self._collection = collection
        self._reverse = reverse
        self._position = -1 if reverse else 0

    def __next__(self):
        """
        The __next__() method must return the next item in the sequence. On
        reaching the end, and in subsequent calls, it must raise StopIteration.
        """

        try:
            value = self._collection[self._position]
            self._position += -1 if self._reverse else 1
        except IndexError:
            raise StopIteration()

        return value