design-patterns/creational/singleton/thread_safe.py
2020-09-14 21:16:45 +02:00

69 lines
2.3 KiB
Python

from threading import Lock, Thread
class SingletonMeta(type):
"""
This is a thread-safe implementation of Singleton.
"""
_instances = {}
# We now have a lock object that will be used to synchronize threads during
# first access to the Singleton.
_lock = Lock()
def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Possible changes to the value of the `__init__` argument do not affect
the returned instance.
"""
# Now, imagine that the program has just been launched. Since there's
# no Singleton instance yet, multiple threads can simultaneously pass
# the previous conditional and reach this point almost at the same time
# The first of them will acquire lock and will proceed further, while
# the rest will wait here.
with cls._lock:
# The first thread to acquire the lock, reaches this conditional,
# goes inside and creates the Singleton instance. Once it leaves
# the lock block, a thread that might have been waiting for the
# lock release may then enter this section. But since the Singleton
# field is already initialized the thread won't create a new object
if cls not in cls._instances:
instance = super().__call__(*args, **kwargs)
cls._instances[cls] = instance
return cls._instances[cls]
class Singleton(metaclass=SingletonMeta):
value: str = None
"""
We'll use this property to prove that our Singleton really works.
"""
def __init__(self, value: str) -> None:
self.value = value
def some_business_logic(self):
"""
Finally, any singleton should define some business logic, which can be
executed on its instance.
"""
def test_singleton(value: str) -> None:
singleton = Singleton(value)
print(singleton.value)
if __name__ == "__main__":
print(
"If you see the same value, then singleton was reused (yay!)\n"
"If you see different values, "
"then 2 singletons were created (booo!!)\n\n"
"RESULT:\n"
)
process1 = Thread(target=test_singleton, args=("FOO",))
process2 = Thread(target=test_singleton, args=("BAR",))
process1.start()
process2.start()